Haematology

The Hematology Department specializes in the diagnosis and management of blood disorders, playing a crucial role in understanding various conditions that affect blood health, including anemias, leukemias, and clotting disorders. Hematologists conduct a range of diagnostic tests, such as complete blood counts and bone marrow biopsies, to accurately assess blood health and identify underlying issues. They are also involved in cutting-edge research and clinical trials aimed at discovering new treatments, ensuring patients receive the most advanced care possible. Collaborative in nature, the department works closely with other specialists to provide comprehensive care, while prioritizing patient education to empower individuals in managing their conditions. By focusing on accurate diagnosis, ongoing monitoring, and patient support, the Hematology Department is essential for improving patient outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for those with blood-related health concerns.

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Anemia is characterized by a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen transport in the body. It can result from various factors, including nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, or genetic disorders. Symptoms:

  1. Fatigue and weakness
  2. Pale or yellowish skin
  3. Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity
  4. Dizziness or lightheadedness
  5. Cold hands and feet
  6. Heart palpitations

Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects blood cells, particularly white blood cells. It leads to the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells, which can interfere with normal blood function. Symptoms:

  1. Frequent infections or fevers
  2. Unexplained weight loss
  3. Fatigue or weakness
  4. Easy bruising or bleeding
  5. Swollen lymph nodes
  6. Pain or a full feeling below the ribs due to enlarged spleen or liver

Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, which is a key component of the immune system. It can affect lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphatic tissues. Symptoms:

  1. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin
  2. Unexplained weight loss
  3. Persistent fatigue
  4. Fever and night sweats
  5. Itchy skin
  6. Coughing or difficulty breathing if lymph nodes in the chest are affected

Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, which is a key component of the immune system. It can affect lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphatic tissues. Symptoms:

  1. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin
  2. Unexplained weight loss
  3. Persistent fatigue
  4. Fever and night sweats
  5. Itchy skin
  6. Coughing or difficulty breathing if lymph nodes in the chest are affected

Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that causes red blood cells to become rigid and shaped like a sickle, leading to blockages in blood flow and reduced oxygen delivery. Symptoms:

  1. Episodes of severe pain (sickle cell crisis)
  2. Swelling in the hands and feet
  3. Frequent infections
  4. Delayed growth and development in children
  5. Vision problems due to blocked blood vessels in the eyes

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood’s ability to clot, leading to excessive bleeding. It is typically inherited and more common in males. Symptoms:

  1. Prolonged bleeding after injuries or surgery
  2. Frequent nosebleeds without apparent cause
  3. Unexplained bruising or large bruises
  4. Blood in urine or stool
  5. Joint pain and swelling due to internal bleeding

Polycythemia vera is a blood disorder characterized by an increased number of red blood cells, which can lead to increased blood viscosity and complications. Symptoms:

  1. Headaches and dizziness
  2. Blurred vision
  3. Flushing of the face
  4. Itching, especially after a hot shower
  5. High blood pressure
  6. Fatigue and weakness

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia and occurs when the body lacks sufficient iron to produce hemoglobin. Symptoms:

  1. Fatigue and weakness
  2. Pale skin and mucous membranes
  3. Brittle nails
  4. Shortness of breath during exertion
  5. Cravings for non-food items (pica), such as ice or dirt