Pediatrics

The Paediatrics department is dedicated to the health and well-being of new born, children, and adolescents, addressing a wide range of ailments that can affect this vulnerable population. Common issues in newborns include jaundice, infections, respiratory distress, congenital anomalies, and feeding difficulties. As children grow, they may encounter challenges such as asthma, allergies, gastroenteritis, ear infections, childhood obesity, and ADHD. Preventive care is a cornerstone of paediatric practice, with regular check-ups and vaccinations essential for monitoring development and catching potential health problems early. By staying informed and working closely with healthcare providers, parents can help ensure a healthier future for their children.

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that causes inflammation in the airways, making breathing difficult. It can be triggered by allergens, exercise, or respiratory infections, and requires careful management to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Symptoms:

  1. Frequent coughing, especially at night
  2. Wheezing or whistling sound when breathing
  3. Shortness of breath or chest tightness
  4. Difficulty breathing during physical activities

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to substances like pollen, dust, or certain foods. Children may experience a range of symptoms that can affect their quality of life, and severe allergies can lead to life-threatening reactions.

Symptoms:

  1. Sneezing and runny or stuffy nose
  2. Itchy, watery eyes
  3. Skin reactions such as hives or eczema
  4. Swelling or difficulty breathing (in severe cases)

Gastroenteritis, commonly known as the stomach flu, is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines often caused by infections. It leads to gastrointestinal upset and can pose a risk of dehydration in young children.

Symptoms:

  1. Vomiting and diarrhea
  2. Abdominal cramps or pain
  3. Fever and chills
  4. Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, decreased urine output)

Ear infections are prevalent in children, usually resulting from bacteria or viruses affecting the middle ear. They can be painful and may lead to complications if not treated promptly.

Symptoms:

  1. Ear pain or discomfort
  2. Tugging at the ear
  3. Fever or irritability
  4. Fluid drainage from the ear

Childhood obesity is a significant health concern characterized by excessive body weight for age and height. It can lead to long-term health problems, including diabetes and cardiovascular issues.

Symptoms:

  1. Excess body weight relative to age and height
  2. Fatigue or low energy levels
  3. Difficulty participating in physical activities
  4. Increased risk of related health issues (e.g., diabetes, hypertension)

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects focus, impulse control, and activity levels in children. Early diagnosis and intervention can greatly improve a child’s functioning in various settings.

Symptoms:

  1. Difficulty focusing or staying on task
  2. Impulsivity and trouble waiting for turns
  3. Excessive fidgeting or restlessness
  4. Problems with following instructions or completing tasks

Children are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases, which can spread easily in communal settings. Common illnesses include chickenpox, measles, and mumps, often preventable through vaccinations.

Symptoms:

  1. Chickenpox: Itchy rash, fever, fatigue
  2. Measles: High fever, cough, distinctive rash
  3. Mumps: Swelling of the salivary glands, fever, headache

Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a viral infection that primarily affects young children, characterized by sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet. While generally mild, it is highly contagious.

Symptoms:

  1. Fever and sore throat
  2. Painful sores in the mouth
  3. Rash on the hands and feet
  4. Irritability and loss of appetite

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the outer membrane of the eye, which can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or allergens. It is essential to identify the cause for effective treatment.

Symptoms:

  1. Red or pink eyes
  2. Itching or burning sensation
  3. Discharge that may cause crusting
  4. Increased sensitivity to light

Children can experience various skin conditions, including eczema, ringworm, and impetigo, each requiring specific care and management to alleviate symptoms.

Symptoms:

  1. Eczema: Dry, itchy patches of skin
  2. Ringworm: Red, circular rash with clearer skin in the center
  3. Impetigo: Red sores that can ooze and form a yellow-brown crust