Rheumatology

Rheumatology is a specialized field of medicine focused on diagnosing and managing conditions that affect the joints, muscles, and connective tissues, often involving inflammation and pain. Rheumatologists are experts in a wide array of disorders, including arthritis, lupus, and fibromyalgia, which can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life. This branch of medicine is vital for understanding the underlying mechanisms of autoimmune diseases, helping patients navigate complex symptoms and improving their overall well-being. The growing interest in rheumatology reflects the increasing prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, prompting research advancements and enhancing patient care strategies. As more individuals seek solutions for chronic pain and joint issues, the importance of rheumatology continues to rise in healthcare discussions, making it a crucial area for both clinical practice and patient education.

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What is Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)? Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joints, leading to chronic inflammation and pain. Symptoms Rheumatoid Arthritis :

  1. Morning stiffness that lasts more than 30 minutes
  2. Swollen, tender joints, especially in the hands and feet
  3. Fatigue and general malaise
  4. Symmetrical joint involvement (both sides of the body)
  5. Joint deformities over time
  6. Fever and weight loss in severe cases

What is Osteoarthritis (OA)? Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, caused by the wear and tear of cartilage in the joints. Symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA)

  1. Pain during or after movement
  2. Stiffness after periods of inactivity
  3. Swelling in the joints
  4. Decreased flexibility and range of motion
  5. A grating sensation or popping sounds in the joints
  6. Bone spurs around affected joints

What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) ? Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems, including the skin, joints, and kidneys. Symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

  1. Fatigue and fever
  2. Joint pain and swelling
  3. Skin rashes, particularly a butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks
  4. Sensitivity to sunlight
  5. Chest pain with deep breaths (pleuritis)
  6. Hair loss and mouth ulcers

What is Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) ? Psoriatic arthritis is associated with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red patches and silvery scales. Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA):

  1. Joint pain and stiffness, often worse in the morning
  2. Swollen fingers and toes (dactylitis)
  3. Nail changes, including pitting and separation
  4. Scaly skin patches typical of psoriasis
  5. Fatigue and eye inflammation (uveitis)
  6. Reduced range of motion

What is Fibromyalgia? Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue, often linked to sleep issues. Symptoms of Fibromyalgia:

  1. Widespread pain throughout the body
  2. Fatigue and sleep disturbances
  3. Cognitive difficulties, often referred to as “fibro fog”
  4. Headaches and migraines
  5. Sensitivity to touch, sound, and light
  6. Depression and anxiety

What is Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) ? Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine, leading to stiffness and pain. Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)

  1. Chronic pain and stiffness in the lower back and hips
  2. Improvement of symptoms with exercise and worsening with rest
  3. Limited spinal mobility
  4. Inflammation of the eyes (uveitis)
  5. Fatigue and loss of appetite
  6. Possible involvement of other joints, including shoulders and knees